Emissions control in the global commercial vehicles industry

Abstract

Description

This report examines the technologies that are being developed in the area of emissions control in the global commercial vehicles industry. It also analyses the strategies being implemented by truck and bus manufacturers and their suppliers and the market and legislative influences that are driving change in the sector.

Abstract

According to the OECD, road transportation of passengers and goods accounts for almost half of global oil consumption, with heavy commercial vehicles of over 3,500kg gross vehicle weight (GVW) accounting for around 23%. As a consequence, while far fewer heavy vehicles are produced and sold each year - less than 4 million in 2008 compared to around 66 million light-duty vehicles - they are responsible for a similar volume of oil consumption as light vehicles and a similar proportion of the toxic emissions that result.

This report examines the technologies that are being developed in the area of emissions control in the global commercial vehicles industry. It also analyses the strategies being implemented by truck and bus manufacturers and their suppliers and the market and legislative influences that are driving change in the sector.

Table of Contents

Executive summary

INTRODUCTION

MARKET DRIVERS

• Health concerns
  • Carbon monoxide
  • Hydrocarbons
  • Nitrogen oxides
  • Particulate mass
  • Formaldehyde
  • Ammonia
  • Sulphur dioxide
  • Lead
• Regulations
• Low emissions zones
  • Incentives
    • Retrofit programmes
    • Early clean engines
  • Reduction of greenhouse gases

MARKET BARRIERS

• The EGR versus SCR debate
  • Fuel Quality
  • Diesel
  • Gasoline
• Cost
  • Emissions control equipment
  • SCR
  • DPFs
  • EGR
  • Fuel quality
  • Precious metals
  • Urea for SCR

MARKET DYNAMICS AND FORECASTS

• Overview

REGULATIONS

• United States
  • Standards
  • Test cycles
  • Durability requirements
  • On-board diagnostics
  • No-idling laws
• European Union
  • Standards
  • Test cycles
  • Durability requirements
  • On-board diagnostics
• Japan
  • Standards
  • Test cycles
• Other regions
  • Eastern and central Europe
  • Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan)
  • North America (excluding the US)
  • South America
• Harmonisation of emissions regulations
  • The WHTC test cycle
  • The WHSC test cycle

EMISSIONS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES

• Exhaust after-treatment
  • Catalytic converters
  • Selective catalytic reduction
  • NOx adsorber catalyst
  • Diesel particulate filters
  • Syngas systems
  • Integrated systems
• Combustion cycle technology
  • Common rail direct fuel injection
  • Exhaust gas recirculation
  • Homogeneous charge compression ignition
• Idling reduction

ALTERNATIVE FUELS

• Natural gas
• Liquefied petroleum gas
• Ethanol
• Biodiesel
• Gas-to-liquids diesel
• Dimethyl ether

MAJOR SUPPLIERS

• Bosch
• Corning
• Delphi
• EMCON Technologies
• Eminox
• Emitec
• Johnson Matthey
• NGK
• Tenneco